One of the wastewater treatment processes is Rotating Biological Contactors. Which also known as RBC and provides acceptable organic removal efficiency and effluent quality at a low cost. The simplicity of operation makes it very attractive. In addition, the operation cost is always low and it does need a small land to operate. In this review the advantages and disadvantages of RBC, types of RBC systems and the factors affecting the RBC performance discussed. In addition to an experimental works to verify the effect of different factor affecting the RBC system performance and removal efficiency. The experimental work confirmed that the HRT, media material and speed of rotation have a great influence on the removal rates and performance. Rotation speed used was 5, 8 and 10 RPM while the best speed was 5 RPM. Media materials varied between geotextiles, steel and other materials. Steel cylinder showed the highest removal rates as it had the highest surface area, which allowed more microorganisms to grow, and thus, the removal efficiency of COD, BOD and TSS were increased.