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227645

Purification and cytotoxic assays of four antimicrobial metabolites extracted from Actinomycetes of the soils of Menengai Crater, Kenya

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Last updated: 05 Jan 2025

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Abstract

The search for antibiotic metabolites is increasing due to drug resistance been witnessed today. This study was conceived to isolate, identify and compare the antimicrobial metabolites yield of four actinomycetes isolated from Menengai crater soil, Kenya. The actinomycetes were isolated using starch casein, Luria Bertani (M1) and starch nitrate agar. The antimicrobial metabolites were extracted using standard techniques followed by purification, test for antagonism against selected pathogenic microbes, and cytotoxicity assay using Brine shrimp lethality test. Totally, 138 actinomycetes isolates were obtained from all the soil samples. Four isolates showed the highest potent potential against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens. The selected actinomycetes were coded; PAN 30, PAN 37, PAN 41, and PAN 154, and preserved at 4°C for further analysis. The difference in yield of the antimicrobial metabolites between liquid and solid-state fermentation was statistically significant (P= 0.005). Zones of inhibition did not vary significantly (F = 6.6046, P = 0.001338). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the antimicrobial metabolites extracted from PAN 30, PAN 37, PAN 41 and PAN 154 isolates were equal. The Half Lethal Concentration (LC50) in (µg/ ml) for the antimicrobial metabolites extracted from the 4 isolates were; PAN 30 (1.8168 ± 0.47), PAN 37 (3.4269 ± 0.56), PAN 41 (3.4269 ± 0.45), and PAN 154 (4.9397 ± 0.41). The four actinomycetes produced bioactive metabolites. Solid-state fermentation was superior to liquid-state fermentation in recovering the antimicrobial metabolites from the actinomycetes isolates. Molecular identification of the selected isolates needs to be carried out in a future study. Moreover, there is a need to determine the structure of the antimicrobials using nuclear magnetic resonance. 

DOI

10.21608/nrmj.2019.37208

Keywords

Actinomycetes, Antimicrobial activities, Bio-autography, Cytotoxicity

Authors

First Name

Waithaka

Last Name

P.N.

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-

Affiliation

University of Nairobi, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Box, 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya

Email

waithakanj@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

0000-0002-6911-3930

First Name

Mwaura

Last Name

F.B.

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

University of Nairobi, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Box, 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya

Email

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City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Wagacha

Last Name

J.M.

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

University of Nairobi, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Box, 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

0000-0002-1694-0860

First Name

Gathuru

Last Name

E.M.

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Egerton University, Department of Biological Sciences, P.O. Box, 536 Njoro, Kenya

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Githaiga

Last Name

B.M.

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Egerton University, Department of Biological Sciences, P.O. Box, 536 Njoro, Kenya

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-

Orcid

-

Volume

3

Article Issue

3

Related Issue

32624

Issue Date

2019-06-01

Receive Date

2019-05-25

Publish Date

2019-06-01

Page Start

351

Page End

365

Print ISSN

2537-0286

Online ISSN

2537-0294

Link

https://nrmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_227645.html

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https://nrmj.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=227645

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227,645

Type

Original Article

Type Code

2,265

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Novel Research in Microbiology Journal

Publication Link

https://nrmj.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Purification and cytotoxic assays of four antimicrobial metabolites extracted from Actinomycetes of the soils of Menengai Crater, Kenya

Details

Type

Article

Created At

23 Jan 2023