Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that has serious effects for male fertility. Additionally, DM mediates impairment of spermatogenesis; decrease in count of sperm, viability, and motility; and apoptosis in both somatic and germ cells. Our study aimed to investigate the dietary effect of bee gomogenat (BG) supplementation on the architecture of testis in mouse model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes (TID). We used three animal groups: control non-diabetic, diabetic, and BG-treated diabetic mice. STZ-induced diabetes was associated with pathological alterations in the architecture of the testis, decreased distribution of YAP+ Leydig cells in testis sections and decreased level of testosterone. Furthermore, diabetic mice showed perturbed alteration in the expression of PPAR-γ, Nrf2 and 3β-HSD in testis as compared to control animals. Interestingly, supplementation of diabetic mice with BG mediated an improvement the architecture of testis, restored the distribution of YAP+ Leydig cells and the testosterone level. Furthermore, Treatment of diabetic mice with BG significantly restored the expression levels of PPAR-γ, Nrf2 and 3β-HSD nearly to control animals.
Conclusion: Our data revealed, for the first time, the beneficial impacts of BG supplementation on the architecture and functions of testis during T1D.