Background: There has been a rise in cesarean section (CS) rates globally. The number of newborns delivered through CS has almost doubled increasing from 12% in 2000 to 21% in 2015. scheduling a planned CS too early in pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk for neonatal complications, Aim and objectives; to assess the effect of the scheduled gestational age for a planned CS on the risk of the need for an unplanned CS and adverse pregnancy outcome at different gestational age through a comparison between two groups 39-week group and 38 week group, Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 750 pregnant women who scheduled for a planned CS in Minia Maternity University Hospital. Result: Scheduled gestational age for planned CS was statistical significantly higher in 38-week group compared to 39-week group (p