Background: Cerebellar astrocytomas account for approximately 12 to 17% of all CNS tumors in the pediatric age group and 25 to 35% of childhood posterior fossa tumors. The greatest incidence of cerebellar astrocytoma occurs between the age of 4 to 10 years with a peak at 6 years of age, with an almost equal number of males and females. Methods:  This study was carried out on 26 cases of cerebellar astrocytoma in childhood. To come over the disturbed conscious level and bad general condition due to hydrocephalus which was found in all the cases; VP shunt was done in 21 cases prior to tumors excision. Total removal was achieved in 85% of the cases (22cases), while partial removal was carried for four cases out of the ten cases of midline cerebellar astrocytoma and they showed poor results, as two cases of them died before hospital discharge. Results: The percentage of excellent and good results in cases of total removal of the tumor was 91%. The cerebellar midline was the site of higher grade astrocytoma, as 70% of midline cerebellar astrocytoma were grade II and grade III astrocytoma. The grade III astrocytoma showed frustrating prognosis after radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy as the two cases of grade III cerebellar astrocytoma included in this study (7.7%) died by the end of the first year of follow-up. Grade II cerebellar astrocytoma showed different tumor behavior after radiotherapy, as in one of those three cases showed no recurrence after two years of follow up, the other case showed recurrence in the same cerebellar hemisphere and the third case showed scattered recurrence in both cerebellar hemispheres. Conclusion: The study clarifies that extend of tumor resection, the site of the tumor, and biological behavior of different histopathological type define the prognosis of cerebellar astrocytoma in childhood.