Background: Preterm labor is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for preterm infants; they will be at risk for developing numerous medical problems. Aim and objectives: to evaluate the incidence, possible risk factors and maternal & neonatal morbidity & mortality in cases of preterm labour. Subjects and methods: The study had been conducted at the obstetrics and gynecology department, Minia University Hospital during the period from November, 2021 to April, 2022. Result: Successful tocolysis was reported in 149 cases (37.3%). More than half women (52.8%) were delivered by C.S while vaginal delivery was done in 47.3% women. However, less than third of neonates (31.1%) needed incubation. The neonatal mortality rate was 1.2%. Conclusion: It is necessary to make better clinical decisions with accurate assessment of risk factors, complications, and realistic predictions related to PTB and ETB, which should ultimately provide a way forward for precision health and to help reduce the burden and the consequences associated with PTB and ETB.