Background: Nowadays, there is increasing in incidence rates of using the electromagnetic field in daily life at work and at home, and it considers one of the environmental stimuli affects different cells and organs in the body. There are different sources of electromagnetic waves in our environment, including wireless communications, radars, satellites, TV, and radio antennas. Wi-Fi networks are among the most common inducers of the electromagnetic field. It is a cheap common technology that exposes its users to a spectrum of short wavelength electromagnetic waves (2.45 GHz). It may affect cell function via non-thermal effects, and its exposure can increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and decrease cognitive function. Methods: In this study, 10 male albino rats were exposed to 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi router radiation /12 hours per day per week for 6 weeks. Results: revealed that the Wi-Fi router radiation caused remarkable degeneration of hippocampal pyramidal and granular neurons and an increase in the aggregation of the intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the neuronal cell body. In conclusion, electromagnetic radiation exposure can cause hippocampal dysfunction through the neuronal damage effect.