Objective: To assess the effect of treatment by Atomoxetine (ATX) on the serum level of 
Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in children suffering from Attention deficit 
hyperactivity (ADHD) treated by ATX in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatric Minia 
University Hospital, Minia city, Minia Governorate. Method: we studied 60 children who
were subjected to the following tool; laboratory workup for serum level of BDNF. Results:
The study revealed that there was significant decrease in serum BDNF level in ADHD 
children treated by ATX than in ADHD without medications, no significant difference in 
serum BDNF level between both patients and control groups. There was no difference
between serum BDNF level and duration of treatment by ATX in children treated by it. There 
was highly significant negative correlation between serum BDNF level and Body mass index 
(BMI) in both patient groups. There was a highly significant negative correlation between 
serum BDNF level and age in patients groups. Conclusion:A significant decrease in serum 
BDNF level in ADHD children treated by ATX than in ADHD without medications, no 
significant difference in serum BDNF level between both patients and control groups. There 
was no difference between serum BDNF level and duration of treatment in group I. The 
majority of our results are to some extent matched with the literature of ADHD while some 
results aren't the same, which may be attributed to cultural characteristics and socio 
demographic issues.