SLE is a systemic autoimmune condition characterised by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, partly related to the disease itself, but also linked to its comorbidities and drugs adverse reactions. Following the previous annual reviews, we focused on new insights in SLE clinical features, pathogenic pathways, biomarkers of specific organ involvement and therapeutic strategies. Finally concentrated on SLE aspects that could significantly influence patients' quality of life and that need to be investigated in detail through the development and validation of disease-specific patient-reported outcomes. (1). The rate of SLE varies between countries from 20-70/100,000(2). Women are affected about 9 times more than men(3), begins between the ages of 15 and 45(4) SLE is an autoimmune disorder caused by a complex combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that lead to altered gene expression and function of several molecules which lead to abnormal T cell responses (4)
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