Background: There is a great increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer is the most 
common endocrine tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained importance in the diagnosis 
of thyroid cancer. The application of diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) is an important diagnostic tool 
for assessing in vivo tumor characterization. Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the 
diagnostic accuracy of diffusion weighted imaging and ADC to differentiate between benign and 
malignant thyroid nodules. Methodology: this investigation has been done through assortment of 
information from papers which has been looked upon PubMed, the papers have been from 1998 to 
2o16, the hunt is finished including just the papers written in English language and assortment of the 
information including radiological anatomy of thyroid gland ,hint about the physics of MRI, DWI and 
ADC as well as appearance of different thyroid lesions at DWI and ADC. Conclusion: DWI with the 
ADC values may be a doable, non-invasive and non-radiative technique for recognizing malignant 
from benign thyroid nodules that do not require the administration of contrast media. The b value is a 
significant factor, and different b-values must be acquired for more accurate quantitative analysis of 
diffusion-weighted images and consequently reliable ADC maps as well as the ADC measurement.