Background: Viral warts are benign skin growths that are caused by Human Papilloma Virus 
(HPV). There are many types of warts either genital or non-genital. Interlukien-33 (IL-33) is a 
member of IL-1 family. It acts as alarmin molecule that provides protective antiviral immunity 
and plays an important role in many diseases. Interferon- γ (IFN-γ) has a well-known antiviral 
role and improves the expression of IL-33 in human keratinocytes in various diseases. Aim of 
this work: Estimation of the level of IL-33 and IFN-γ in lesional and non-lesional tissues of 
patients with viral warts and in healthy controls and evaluate their role in the pathogenesis of viral 
warts. Subjects and Methods: We did our study on two groups; 25 patients with viral warts and 
25 matching relatively healthy controls. We used enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 
kits to measure the levels of IL-33 and IFN-γ in 4mm diameter skin biopsies from the lesion 
itself, the non-lesional skin of the same patients and from skin of healthy controls to compare 
between the results. Results: The levels of IL-33 and IFN-γ in lesional and non-lesional tissues of 
viral warts were significantly higher than in healthy controls. Conclusion: Our presenting study 
is suggesting that IL-33 and IFN-γ may play a role in the pathogenesis of viral warts.