Objective: To investigate whether serum levels of anti-Carbamylated antibodies are specifically 
elevated in active rheumatoid arthritis compared to clinical and laboratory markers of disease activity.
Methods: Sixty rheumatoid arthritis patients according to the ACR-EULAR criteria 2010 and 30 
matched healthy controls were recruited. Clinical evaluation of disease activity was measured by;
morning stiffness duration, Visual analogue scale, number of tender joints, number of swollen joints 
and DAS-28. Functional assessment was measured by the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ). 
Laboratory measures; ESR, CRP and RF titer was also done and finally radiological activity by 
ultrasound 7 score were determined parallel and correlated. Results: anti-Carbamylated antibody was
found to be positive in more than 50% of patients with active RA. Those patients were seronegative 
for RF. Anti-Carbamylated antibody positivity was significantly associated with duration of morning 
stiffness, number of tender joints, number of swollen joints, DAS28, HAQ DI, and acute phase 
reactants (ESR & CRP). Conclusion: Anti-CarP antibody was found to be positive in RA patients and 
it was significantly correlated with clinical, laboratory and radiological markers of disease activity as 
well as the functional assessment.