Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder caused by inherited and/or acquired 
deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas, or by the ineffectiveness of the insulin produced 
which results in increased concentration of glucose in the blood. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is 
considered as one of the diabetic complications affecting up to 40% of patients with type 1 or type 2 
diabetes. Aim of the study: The aim of our study is to evaluate the level of microRNA-1460a in 
human serum in diabetic nephropathy in prediabetic and diabetic patients in comparison to the 
apparent healthy individuals group. Patients and Methods: Subjects: The current study, Acase 
control study was conducted on 100 persons, 24males (24%) and 76 females (76%) of the same age 
group (40-65 yrs) were selected from outpatient clinic of diabetes of Internal Medicine Department at 
Minia University Hospital from June 2017 to June 2018. Results: The serum level of miR‐146a of 
was significantly increased in diabetic group more than that of the Pre-diabetic and control groups, 
With p value (< 0.001) . In addition, the levels of circulating serum miR‐146a gradually and markedly 
increased and was significantly higher in T2DM with macroal-buminuria group than that in T2DM
with microal-buminuria ,T2DM with normal-buminuria and control groups. The results revealed that 
circulating serum miR‐146a was positively correlated to UACR (r = 0.724, p < 0.001), Scr
(r = 0.436, p < 0.001) and was nagatively correlated to eGFR (r = −0.450, p < 0.001). Conclousion:
We recommend using serum level of miR-146a as new biomarkers for diagnosis of diabetes ,early 
detection of DN and monitor the progression of DN .