The objective of the current study was to examine a method for selecting elite Egyptian cotton genotypes used in (Trail A) within the research program in the Breeding Section of the Cotton Research Institute by using one-way ANOVA instead of the currently used randomized complete block design. 38 families from 17 new origins (Gossypium barbadense L.) were cultivated in addition to four genotypes representing the control, namely (G90 x CB58), [(G83 x G80) x G89] x Australian, G95 and G90 in a randomized complete block design with six replicates in Bani Sowif Governorate (Sids Research Station) during 2018 season. The two yield characteristics and weight of 50 bolls were studied using data of six replicates. The technological characteristics, fiber length, uniformity ratio, maturity, micronaire value, color, yarn strength and lint percent were studied using only one replicate data. Analysis of randomized complete block design was performed. The results showed significant differences among the treatments for these traits. Analysis of one-way ANOVA was performed. This method was able to analyze all yield data and technological traits. The results revealed that there were significant differences among the origins for the yield characteristics, in addition to the technological characteristics, namely fiber length and the yarn strength. The results also showed that the method of one-way ANOVA surpassed the method of analysis using randomized complete block design, as it was able to analyze all the studied traits, and determine the origins that were significantly superior to the control group in yield or technological traits.  This study is useful for introducing a development in the program of the Cotton Breeding Section (Trail A) using the statistical foundations in the method of selecting origins that were significantly superior to the control group to increase the accuracy of selecting the origins that will be included in the (Trial B) program for evaluation in the Upper Egypt Governorates.