Background: Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) also known as abusive head trauma (AHT) is signifies a constellation of symptoms and signs, such as  subdural hematoma, retinal hemorrhages and encephalopathy, often referred to as ‘the triad' as caused by violent shaking. It is the leading cause of traumatic death and the leading cause of child abuse fatalities, accounts for more than 50% of accidental injuries and is the most common cause of death among newborn-infants. Aim of study: to assess mothers^' knowledge, believes and attitudes regarding Shaken baby syndrome hazards. Research design: An exploratory descriptive research design was used to achieve the aim of the present study and answer the research questions .A convenient sample of 384 mothers who admitted to outpatient and inpatient pediatric department at Minia university hospital for obstetric and pediatric. Two tools were utilized to measure the variables of the study included; Tool I: Structured interview questionnaire were developed by the researchers that include Part I: Socio-demographic data of mothers such as age, number of children, residence, educational level, etc. Part II: Predesigned questionnaire to explore shaken baby syndrome hazards knowledge. Tool II: Likert Scale of 15 item that measure mothers, believes and attitudes regarding shaken baby syndrome hazards. Results: it was found that high percentage of mothers' knowledge regarding shaken baby syndrome hazards is unsatisfactory 76.0% and 91.9 % of the mothers participate in the study have inappropriate attitudes and believes regarding shaken baby syndrome hazards.  There was a positive relation between knowledge level, attitudes and believes, a negative relation of parent education and occupation and mothers' knowledge regarding shaken baby syndrome hazards and positive relation between family income and knowledge, believes and attitudes regarding shaken baby syndrome hazards. Conclusion: high percentage the majority of studied mothers' knowledge regarding shaken baby syndrome hazards was unsatisfactory and inappropriate attitudes and believes regarding shaken baby syndrome hazards. Recommendations: Applying educational and prevention programs for mothers and pediatric nurses about hazards of shaken baby syndrome