Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a 25-kDa glycoprotein that is normally expressed at very low levels in several human tissues. NGAL comprises a critical component of innate immunity to bacterial infection acting as an acute phase protein. Also, it is one of the most promising markers for diagnosis of kidney injury.
Abbreviations:
NGAL: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, AKI: acute kidney injury, kDa: Kilo Dalton, ACLF: acute on chronic liver failure, LPS: lipopolysaccharides, TNF α: tumor necrosis factor alpha, SBP: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.