The reform of the electricity sector requires commitments to 
expand and modernize the sector's infrastructure, considering the 
excessive dependence on fossil fuels and the imperative of 
securing resources; Most countries have realized how important 
it is to have a balanced energy mix that includes alternative 
energy; The phasing out of fossil fuel subsidies has become a 
core commitment of the international community.
 This topic explains the institutional building of the optimal 
economic frameworks to support the development of this sector 
in a sustainable manner, in addition to the necessity of 
implementing effective economic frameworks for the energy 
sector, discussing reforms of the support system, restructuring 
the electricity sector, managing the demand side of energy, and 
implementing regulatory mechanisms based on the 
improvements of many Operational Performance Dimensions to 
Assist Countries in Transition; By undertaking a different mix of 
institutional reforms in its electricity sectors, and regional 
cooperation on cross-border energy trade.