The earth structure expose to deterioration factors such as wind which cause erosion of the blocks components, several studies have been conducted on the use of traditional consolidants in earthen architecture in order to prolong the mud brick stability. This study taking the advantages of nanoparticles such penetration and optimizing the internal cohesive of masonry particles to apply in Earth structure in Egypt. This study will evaluate the use of calcium hydroxide nanoparticles on experimental samples. Various analytical techniques used in the study, scanning electron microscopy and microscopy, Atomic Force Microscope, X-ray Diffraction. The results of the analysis showed that of calcium hydroxide improved the characterization of the studied samples.