Dental plaque is considered a poly-microbial biofilm in the oral cavity and is responsible for the most prevalent human infections. Plaque contains a variety of microorganisms embedded in an extracellular matrix of polymers that can also develop between the teeth and the gingival crevice making it even more difficult to remove; antibiotics cannot penetrate and reach the site of infection. The virulence of oral microbial biofilms is normally limited to the oral cavity. However, when these microbes or their components enter the connective tissues or circulation, they may increase the risk for some systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and immune-dysfunctional diseases. Bee venom (BV) has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic, anti-atherosclerotic, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and anticancer effects.
Our study was conducted on 39 bacterial isolate samples out of 150 oral swab samples. Bee venom was analyzed by HPLC. Melittin and phospholipase A2 was used to generate a standard curve. The three most effective venoms on Streptococcus sp. give a mean inhibition zone of 40 %, 41.7 %, and 41.7 % at the concentration of 50 µg/ml. Pearson correlation between inhibition zones caused by the groups of bee venoms on the different identified isolates showed a non-significant positive relationship (P-value > 0.05) between all groups. However, bee venom can be used with other mouth-wash components to remove oral bacterial biofilms caused by streptococcus sp.