The gonadotropic cells within the pars distalis of 33 mature female buffaloes, including normal cycling animals and animals suffering from ovarian inactivity were histochemically investigated. Using performic acid-Alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff-orange G (PEA-AB-PAS-OG) stain, the FSH- and LH- cells were differentiated and identified. The FSH and LH pituitary contents were also immunologically assayed. During Proestrus, the FSH-cells were increased in size and number and constituted about 14.4% of the total cell count. The FSH/LH ratio was 1.62. During estrus, the LH-cells were highly increased in amount (12.2%) and the FSH/LH ratio was 0.26. In diestrus, the FSH-cells percentage was 12.6%, while the LH-cell percentage was 10.4% with a FSH/LH ratio of 0.65. In animals affected with inactive ovaries, two contrastic data could be obtained. These animals either show a high FSH cell % and content with a negligible LH cell % and content, or a high LH cell % and content with a negligibel FSH cell % and content. It can concluded that for proper treatment of buffaloes suffering from inactive ovaries, the FSH/LH ratio should be restored to that ratio at proestrus.