SUMMARY A total number of 100 healthy buffalo-cows suffering from anestrum were divided into two main groups based on the ovarian findings with or without palpable corpus luteum. Each main group was further subdivided into 5 subgroups. The 1st subgroup received Estrumate 500 ug (repeated once after 11 days in cases that did not respond to the first injection); the 2nd subgroup received Fertagyl (0.25 mg); the 3rd subgroup received Estrumate plus Fertagyl (repeated once after 11 days in cases that did not respond to the first injection); the 4th subgroup received Estrumate plus Folone 5 (5 mg) and the 5th subgroup act as a control and received no treatment. Blood samples were collected from all treated subgroups before and after treatment (during estrus) for estimation of serum tri-iodothyronin (T3) and thyroxine (T4) using radioimmunoassay. The obtained results revealed that serum, Tz level showed a significant increase (P< 0.05) after Estrumate and Estrumate plus Folone treatment in anestrus buffalo cows with and without palpable corpus luteum. Serum T4 level showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) after Estrumate treatment of anestrus buffaloes with and without palpable corpus luteum. Whereas, the serum Td level showed a highly significant increase (P< 0.01) in anestrus buffalo-cows with palpable corpus luteum after treatment with Estrumate plus Folone as well as after Estrumate plus Fertagyl treatment (P<0.05). For treated anestrus buffaloes with palpable corpus luteum, treatment with Estrumate plus Folone was the best as the response (appearance of estrus signs) was 100% with 80% pregnancy rate, followed by Estrumate alone, Estrumate plus Fertagyl and finally Fertagyl alone. For treated anestrus buffalo-cows without palpable corpus luteum, treatment with Estrumate alone was the best as the response was 90% with 70% pregnancy rate followed by Estrumate plus Folone and finally Fertagyl alone and Estrumate plus Fertagyl are about equal in their effects.