This study was conducted on 1252 sheep and 520 goats from governmental and private sector farms and also from owner's flocks in 4 districts at Assiut locality. The surveyed cases were examined clinically for ovine and caprine pseudotuberculosis. Incidence of infection was 6.78% in sheep flocks, while that of goats was 4.81%. The parotid lymph nodes showed the highest percentage of infection. On the other hand, out of 295 sheep and 88 goats examined during routine meat inspection in some abattoirs at Assiut Province, 37 sheep and 6 goats showed post-mortem (P.M.) lesions characteristic of caseous lymphadenitis. 30 strains of Corynebacterium. ovis (C. ovis) were isolated, 27 of ovine origin and 3 isolates of caprine origin. All isolates of ovine or caprine origins were to a great extent similar in their morphological, cultural and even biochemical characteristics with certain variations. The parotid lymph nodes being the most common site of Clovis in sheep (11.76%) and goats (8%), while the most commonly affected organ in ovine visceral caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) was the lung. Experimental infection of Guinea-pigs and adult mice as well as antibiogram of local isolates were also performed. Results of clinical, and pathological examinations were described. The economic and public health importance of these organisms, as well as the recomended control measures were also discussed.