Six fungal species were isolated and identified from lily plants showing bulb rot collected from greenhouses and fields in Egypt. They were Fusarium oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. semitectum, F. verticillioides, Pythium splendens, and Rhizoctonia solani. F. oxysporum showed the highest occurrence percentage being 44.77% of the total isolates recovered (370). Significant differences for pathogenicity were found where F. oxysporum showed the highest mean percentages of disease severity being 93.33% over the two tested cvs. (L. corleone and L. litouwen), while R. solani exhibited the lowest rates of disease severity 29.83%. The molecular study for the recovered F. oxysporum AUMC15124 strain showed 100% identity and 100% coverage with strains of F. oxysporum f. sp. gladioli accessed from GenBank.
Under greenhouse conditions, the efficacy of three biofertilizers (Biogen^®, Phosphorine^®, Rhizobactrien^®) and silicate compounds (calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate), in comparison with the fungicide Topsin-M^® against F. oxysporum AUMC15124 were evaluated over two tested cvs. (L. corleone and L. litouwen). All the tested treatments significantly reduced the incidence of the bulb rot disease, compared to the untreated control. Calcium silicate was the most effective and was not significantly different from Topsin-M^®.
 The field trial confirmed these results and a trend similar to the greenhouse test but at a bit lower effect. This was accompanied with an enhancement in 'L. litouwen' growth parameters (plant height, number of flowers, and bulbs weight). Topsin-M^® gave the highest significant mean percentage of efficiency in controlling bulb rot, 68.83%, followed by calcium silicate 62.19% compared with control.