The present investigation was conducted in the Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University during 2016, to investigate the effect of Egyptian cotton variety (Gossypium barbadense), seed cotton grade and their interaction on ginning efficiency and fiber properties. Four commercial Egyptian cotton varieties namely: Giza 87 and Giza 92 (belong to extra-long staple length, 1.3/8 inch), Giza 86 and Giza 94 (belong to long staple length.  1.1/8 inches) were used. Four seed cotton grades namely: Good/ Fully Good (G/FG); Good (G); Fully Good Fair/Good (FGF/G) and Fully Good Fair (FGF) were used. The obtained results clarified that the ginning efficiency parameters were significantly affected by the cotton variety, meanwhile, the lint cotton grade was insignificantly affected.All studied the High Volume Instrument (H.V.I.) fiber properties were significantly affected by cotton variety, except, the upper half mean length, short fiber content and reflectance degree were insignificantly affected. The seed cotton grade significantly influenced the ginning efficiency parameters and lint cotton grade. All studied fiber technological properties were significantly affected by the seed cotton grade, while, the upper half mean length and fiber elongation were insignificantly affected. The interaction between the two studied factors was significant for ginning time, gin stand capacity, lint cotton percentage, micronaire, fiber maturity, reflectance degree, yellowness degree, trash count and trash area.