Microalgae are rich sources of structurally novel and biologically active
metabolites. Primary and secondary metabolites produced by these
organisms which have drawn interest of the pharmaceutical industries.
In this regard, the study aimed to screening of phytochemical
compounds and evaluate the total phenolic content and the antioxidant
activity of Chlorella vulgaris. The antioxidant activity of C. vulgaris
was tested by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl DPPH radical scavenging
method, reducing power assay and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC).
The phytochemical screening exhibited the presence of alkaloids,
flavonoids and phenols in all tested solvents which exhibited several
biological activities. Among the different solvents, acetone extract
exhibited the highest scavenging activity with (50.81%). Also, showed
reducing power activity estimated with 1.95 mg AAE/g DW and
antioxidant capacity recorded 2.58 mg AAE/g DW. In addition,
considerable amount of the total phenolic has been detected in acetone
extract recording 3.17 mg GAE/g DW. The results revealed that there is
a strong correlation between the antioxidant activity assays and the
phenolic content of Chlorella vulgaris.
Thus, the green microalga Chlorella vulgaris in dietary supplements will
be effective mediator in scavenging free radicals as it contains wide
variety of bioactive compounds.