The tumorigenesis of endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a complicated process involving numerous dysregulated genes. Moreover, EC can be caused by genetic disorders, and serum levels of various tumor markers are increased in 20% to 30% of EC patients. EC patients' survival is significantly associated with several accepted prognostic factors such as stage, grade and histotype of the disease established by Buchman classification, and FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics). Recent developments in molecular research have revealed the landscape of genetic abnormalities found in EC and have shed light on the disease's pathogenesis to allow the earlier detection of EC. In this review, we discuss the development of diagnostic tools for the early detection of EC to improve outcomes for patients. Furthermore, we describe the current molecular mechanism of it.