Tinea capitis is a global public health concern, particularly in underdeveloped nations. Trichophyton and Microsporum are the only two genus of pathogens that cause the disease. NKG2D receptor ligands are found in the serum marker. A crucial regulator of both innate and adaptive immune responses, it plays a critical role. The marker is inactive in a healthy hair follicle. The dermal sheath and dermal papilla are markedly upregulated in the tissue marker expression, but not in control persons or those suffering from other inflammatory scalp conditions. Patients' scalp biopsy samples have also shown the presence of the tissue marker in hair follicles. The serum marker levels in individuals with TC were measured, and the research sought to determine the clinical importance of those levels. Methods: This research included 60 patients with TC of various kinds and severity levels, as well as 30 age and gender-matched controls. In this study, all participants were drawn from the Benha University Hospitals' outpatient clinic for the departments of dermatology, venereology, and andrology. Additionally, there was a substantial variance in the serum marker levels across the various species tested. Patients with a positive family history were found to have a median duration of 2 weeks and a range of 1-6 weeks. 38.3% of TC patients were infected through animal contact, while 61.77% were infected by human contact. 5 and 6 inches were the most common sizes of patches, respectively. Most patients (70%) had one patch on their scalp. Only 10 percent and 20 percent, respectively, had two or more spots on their scalp. There were 48.3 percent of cases in the parietal region, followed by 23.3 percent in the frontal region, and a further 3.3 percent in the vertex (21.7 percent ). The occipital region was the least common location (10.0 percent). Black dot/scaly lesions were the least common kind of lesion, occurring in just 11.7% of cases, whereas scaly lesions accounted for 60.0% of all cases (5 percent ). M.canis (41.7 percent) was the most common organism, followed by M.audouinii (25.0 percent ). T. violaceum (18.3%) was the most often isolated dermatophyte that caused TC, followed by T. verrucosum (11.7%) and T. schoenleinii (10.1%). (3.3 percent). The serum marker may have a role in the pathogenesis of TC, according to our findings. the serum marker level may also be used as an independent risk factor for predicting TC vulnerability, activity, and severity.