Background: Vitiligo is a complicated, multifaceted condition of the skin. Abnormalities in the surrounding keratinocytes may lead to death of the melanocytes because growth factors are deprived. Ultraviolet band B (NB-UVB) is a successful treatment option particularly in generalised individuals. Objective: The purpose of this research was to assess in lesional skin of vitiligo patients the levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) and the influence of NBUVB treatment on them. Methods: 25 patients have been enrolled. They got NBUVB twice weekly for a total of 20 sessions on non-consecutive days. Each patient received skin biopsies from lesional skin before and after treatment. Results: 10% of patients had great clinical response after treatment; 10% showed fair response; 40% showed moderate reactions; 35% showed poor reactions; and 5% exhibited advancing illness. Conclusion: NB-UVB is an effective means of treating vitiligo, by upregulating α MSH, the master regulator of melanogenesis.