Though promising progress has been made towards achieving the Millennium Development Goal [MDG] through substantial reduction in under-five mortality, the decline in neonatal mortality remains stagnant, mainly in the middle and low-income countries. The present study aimed to: assess the incidence of neonatal mortality in neonatal intensive care units in Benha Children Hospital. Assess risk factors for neonatal mortality in neonatal intensive care units in Benha Children Hospital. Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study, which was done on 943 neonates [who were admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit at BenhaChildern Hospital].Data were obtained from: neonatal records and also maternal interview using a predesigned questionnaire. neonatal mortality among the studied cases was 18.3%.There might have been a Factual critical connection the middle of the gestational agdistis toward conception What's more neonatal mortality; there might have been statistically noteworthy expand being used about mv "around kicked the bucket over made due situations. There might have been statistically noteworthy expand done crp Furthermore WBC "around passed on over made due situations. Neonatal mortality On neonatal seriousness will be essential state funded wellbeing issues in creating nations. Neonatal mortality might have been 18. 3%. Amount from claiming danger figures seemed on make fundamentally connected with neonatal mortality like, easier gestational age, low conception weight, easier maternal age, neonatal sepsis Furthermore utilization of mechanical ventilation.