Postpartum iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common problem throughout the world. Various treatment modalities like oral iron therapy, parenteral iron therapy and blood transfusion are used to treat anemia in the postpartum period. This study aimed to compare efficacy, safety, tolerability and side effects of treatment with either intravenous iron sucrose or oral ferrous gluconate for postpartum iron deficiency anemia to ascertain whether administering intravenous iron sucrose to women with postpartum anemia results in higher hemoglobin concentration and improved iron stores than using standard treatment with oral iron. This comparative, randomized and prospective study conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Benha University Hospital and Benha Teaching Hospital in the period from 1/11/2018 to 30/9/2019. This study was carried on 60 women with postpartum iron deficiency anemia. The inclusion criteria was hemoglobin concentration