Dipetalonema evansi (D. evansi)is an important filarial nematode especially in camels and represents a significant health problem. This study aimed to determine the effect of natural infection with D. evansi on the oxidative status in plasma and erythrocytes of camels (Camelus dromedarius). In this study, 22 female dromedaries were classified according to blood parasitological examinations into infected group (n = 10) and healthy control one (n = 12). Compared to values of the control group, a significant reduction in red blood cell count (P < 0.05), hemoglobin concentration (P < 0.01) and packed cell volume (P < 0.01) was noticed in the infected camels. Plasma total oxidant status (TOS) was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the infected camel group compared to the control one. Plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) whereas the erythrocytic activity of the antioxidant superoxide dismutase and erythrocytic lipid peroxidation as denoted by malondialdehyde concentration were increased (P < 0.05) in the infected group when compared to the corresponding control values. In  conclusion, erythrocyte of camels infected by D. evansi is a subject of peroxidation, which may contribute to pathogenesis of the disease.