Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a cancer that emerges from the biliary epithelium neoplastic transformation and has a steadily increasing incidence and prevalence. It is the 2^ndmost prevalent primary hepatic cancer, accounting for around 15% of cases and 3% of GITcancers.
Objectives: are to determine risk factors and prevalence for various forms of Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).
Patients and methods: A prospective study was conducted at Qena university hospital on 62 patients with cholangiocarcinoma proved by imaging, cytological or pathological evidence. Complete full history was taken, then full clinical examination and laboratory study were done.
Result: Prevalence of distal cholangiocarcinoma was 56.5%, but hilar cholangiocarcinoma was 43.5% (n=27). A significant relation between gender and type of cholangiocarcinoma, where hilar type was more common among females P value= 0.02. Also, a significant relation between smoking and obesity and type of cholangiocarcinoma where distal type was more common among smokers and obese patients (P = 0.05 and P=0.03 respectively).
Conclusion:Gender variation, smoking and obesity are the most important risk factors of cholangiocarcinoma, with hilar type more common among females, distal type more common among smokers and obese patients. Distal cholangiocarcinoma is more prevalent than hilar cholangiocarcinoma (56.5% and 43.5% respectively).