Abstract: Background: Self-care is a new trend in health care that is highly important in promotion of health, prevention and control of diseases, and can be utilized as a cost-effective strategy for individualized patient education in postpartum and includes activities performed by the individual for the maintenance and promotion of her health and well-being.  The purpose of the study is to assess the effect of introducing self-care to postpartum primiparous woman on dependent care the dependent care: applying orem self -care Theory. Method:  A quasi-experimental research design was utilized. Sample: A convenience sample of 100 postpartum women. Setting:  The study was conducted at the postpartum unit at Menoufia University Hospital and Shebin El-kom Teaching Hospital at Shebin El-kom. Instruments: An interviewing questionnaire andOrem`s Self-Care Guidelines Checklist were used. Results: The dependent care given by Orem self-care prevent problem related to primiparous postpartum. Conclusion: the care provided using Orem's self-care model during the postpartum period recovered or prevented the postpartum problems. Recommendations: Training sessions to the primiparous women about how to apply Orem self -care to improve their sleep quality and dependent care for their neonates.