Background: Osteoporosis is a growing health problem in developing countries, especially in the Middle East.The purpose of this study is to assess knowledge and beliefs of female nursing student towards prevention of osteoporosis. Design: Descriptive research design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing, Benha University.Sampling: systematic random sample was done to select 292 female nursing students. Two instruments were used :A self-administered structured questionnaire was need to collect data about (1) social characteristic (2) students' knowledge about osteoporosis so Osteoporosis Health Beliefs Scale was used. Results: the mean age of students was 20.83 ± 1.48 years, and 87.3% of female students had poor knowledge about osteoporosis.  Regarding health beliefs, 49.8% of them had low susceptibility and 79.4% had high perception regarding benefits of calcium intake for osteoporosis. Conclusion: the study concluded that, there was a  highly statistical  significant positive correlation between total knowledge score and total osteoporosis health beliefs score. Recommendations: A nursing intervention, health education program based on health belief model was recommended to improve knowledge and beliefs regarding prevention of osteoporosis among nursing student