Background: Haematemesis is one of the most common manifestations of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, which is a life-threatening emergency that results in a high morbidity, mortality and treatment cost in worldwide. This study aimed to assess the nurses' knowledge and practice about caring for patients with haematemesis undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and to develop nursing guideline for nurses' caring with haematemesis patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Subjects and method: This study uses the descriptive design. This study examined the haematemesis unit in Mansoura university hospitals and El Mansoura New general hospital. The study sample was all available nurses in the above-mentioned setting 41 nurses (20 nurses from Mansoura university hospital and 21 nurses from El Mansoura New general hospital. The data collected through the following tools: -Tool I– Knowledge questionnaire sheet, Tool II- Nurses' practice checklist. Results: the findings revealed that (53.7 %) of nurses have poor knowledge and the majority of the sample (90.2%) have poor total practice level. There were statistically significance difference between (age) and practice level (pre procedure) (p=.005*). Conclusions: The majority of the nurses have poor knowledge and practice level regarding caring haematemesis patients undergoing upper GIT endoscopy. Recommendations: Activate continuous training program to refresh and update the nurse knowledge and practice.