Objective: To exploreincidence of cesarean section among parturient women undergoing induced versus spontaneous labourper gestational weeks. Methods: Anexploratory descriptive studywas carried out at Labour and Delivery Ward at El Mansoura University Hospitals, Egypt.This study comprised a convenience sample of100 pregnant women out of 130 randomized women who were admitted to Delivery Wardwith induced or spontaneouslabourwith multi parous, low risk women without pregnancy and medical complications or previous cesarean section, with 37-42 gestational weeks, singleton pregnancies and in vertex position. They were randomly assigned into two groups; a total of 60 women had an induction of labour and 40 went into spontaneous labour.Two tools were used: A structured interviewing questionnaire sheet was used to collect the maternal and neonatalcharacteristics such as; maternal age, parity, newborn weight and labour assessment sheet was used to assess vaginal versus cesarean sectionincidence according to onset of labour per gestational weeks and induction as well as augmentation methods for cesarean section. Results: Among 100 pregnancies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria,induced labour had more risk of cesarean section compared with spontaneous labour onsetwith statistical significant(p < 0.001 in x2 test; OR 6.00; 95% confidence interval 2.453 – 14.678).The higher caesarean section rate in the induction group was seen from (38-41) weeks.On the other hand, the higher caesarean section rate was seen in the spontaneous group at 37 weeksandcervical ripening was the highest agent used in induced labouras well as oxytocin for spontaneous onset of labour. Conclusions and recommendation: In low-risk multi parous women, induced labour has an increased risk of cesarean sectioncompared with spontaneous onset labour per gestational weeks particularly when cervical ripening was required. Caesarean section incidence was higher in the induction group than spontaneous labour,it was seen from(38-41) gestational weeks.It should be prompt further and larger studies of the effect of induction of labour and its methods on caesarean section rate per gestational weeks.