The renoprotective effect of Peanut oil in rats suffered from chronic renal failure with adenine was evaluated. Adult male albino rats were classified as follow: normal group, Peanut oil group (0.75ml/kg), adenine fed group (0.75% w/w), the 4^th group received both adenine in concomitant with peanut oil by the same dose and route as in the above groups, for 4 weeks. The antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of Peanut oil was estimated. Adenine administration reduced body weight, exceed the relative kidney weight as well as excessive serum creatinine, uric acid and BUN. In addition, exceed urine volume, appearance of urinary protein associated with significant increased urine NAG activity, while urinary Creatinine and creatinine clearance were decreased. It raised serum concentrations of inflammatory markers (C-RP, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10) relative to control group. Histopathological changes were noticed including tubulointerstitial atrophy and fibrosis. These kidney functions abnormalities were associated with increased renal oxidative stress markers (MDA and XO), decreased renal antioxidants markers (SOD, CAT, GSH and TAC). Administration of Peanut oil with adenine suppress the hazardous effect of adenine, where they keep most of the estimated parameters within normal. In conclusion, these results indicate that the use of Peanut oil has efficient protective effect against renal injury in adenine fed rats.