Background:L Post stent balloon dilatation (PSBD) with noncompliant balloon during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is performed in clinical practice in order to optimize stent expansion. However, current knowledge about its use is controversial.
Aim: The aim of this work was to study the impact of post stent balloon dilatation during PPCI on long-term outcomes.
Methods: A total of 307 STEMI patients were recruited in this study. The mean age was 56.80 ± 11.43 years, 86% were males and 14% were females. Patients had PPCI with drug eluting stents (DES) deployed with or without PSBD according to operator's discretion. Patients were divided in two groups based on PSBD procedure; 212 were subjected to PSBD with non-compliant balloon (group I) and 95 patients without performing PSBD (group II). Coronary angiography of the patients was evaluated before and after stent implantation. The angiographic data, clinical peri-procedural, post- procedural and 12 month follow up were compared between the 2 groups.
Results: PSBD performed in 212 patients (69.1%). DES were used for all patients. Angiographic parameters for peri-procedural and post- procedural outcomes were compared for the 2 groups. TIMI flow showed statistical significance between the 2 groups (P = 0.007). Follow-up during 12 months showed the overall complication rates were lower in PSBD group 20.3 vs 35.8 (P=0.005). Stent restenosis (ISR), stent thrombosis and target vessel revascularization (TVR) rates were lower in PSBD; 6.6% vs 18.9% (P=0.001), 9.0% vs 20.0% (P=0.007) and 4.7% vs 16.8 % (P <0.001) respectively.
Conclusion: Adjunctive PSBD with non-compliant balloon has shown to improve post-procedural stent apposition in turn leads to reducing the rate of ISR, stent thrombosis and TVR.