Nearly 90% of all cases of diabetes mellitus (DM) are of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), which is the most prevalent type. Hyperglycemia, which commonly results from insufficient insulin production on the backdrop of insulin resistance, is a hallmark of T2DM.
Alterations in cellular homeostasis brought on by persistent hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus (DM) result in diffuse vascular damage and the emergence of long-term micro- and macrovascular complications. Damage to small blood arteries causes microvascular complications, such as diabetic neuropathy (DN), diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic kidney disease (DKD).
Over the years, metformin has been regarded as the best and initial therapeutic option for the management of type 2 diabetes. Vitamin B12 deficiency is one of the known potential adverse effects of long-term metformin use.
AIM OF THE WORK:
The aim of the study was to:
1. Assess the levels of serum vitamin B12 in patients with type 2 diabetes.
2. Study the relation between serum vitamin B12 and metformin usage index in patients with type 2 diabetes.
3. Study the relation between serum vitamin B12 and peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
4. Study therelation of vitamin B12 supplementations intake with serum vitamin B12 and peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes on metformin.