INTRODUCTION:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become one of the most significant public health problems in the last decades. The condition affects major vital organs and systems of the body and is frequently accompanied by neuropathy, nephropathy, cardiovascular disorders, and retinopathy. A widely accepted pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy consists of retinal abnormalities and micro vasculopathies; the early clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy include microaneurysms and retinal micro hemorrhage. Optical coherence tomography is a non-invasive diagnostic tool that works on the principle of low coherence interferometry. Near-infrared light creates an in vivo cross-sectional view of the retina that is accurate to within at least 3 to 6 microns. There are 10 separate layers identifiable on the OCT of the retina. The layer of importance in this issue is the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer.The high resolution of SD-OCT allows measurement of the thickness of all individual retinal layers, including RNFL and GC-IPL. In addition, the SD-OCT provides data related to the optic disc.
AIM OF THE WORK:
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the reliability of Spectral domain-optical coherence tomography in evaluating ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, and Optic disc parameters of subjects with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, with and without macular edema.