Agriculture is a major component of the Egyptian economy contributing about 15% in the economy and accounts for 28% of all employment. Agricultural food production and water management are increasingly becoming global issues, which are fostering debates on a number of fronts. It is a fact that Egypt is a net food importer, with a high rate of population growth, and very limited resources of fresh water. The problem of this study is how to deal with the demand side of the irrigation water resources in Egypt. The goal of the study is to find the most efficient uses of water, and to determine the optimum crops and the optimum cropping patterns that guarantee the maximization of the net returns of the scarce irrigation water. The analysis and the results obtained show that some crops in each of the cultivation seasons, winter, summer, and nili, and some agronomic specific crops satisfy the conditions of water use optimization. So, based on the study findings, some recommendations have been raised, such as; cropping patterns should be efficiently using irrigation water, modernize the irrigation systems, especially in the old land to convert the flood into modern irrigation systems, and establish farmers' irrigation associations to rationalize water use, use all kinds of available media in the country in carrying out outreach programs for farmers, and unify and update all laws and regulations related to water uses of fresh water to realize the country objectives related to the rationalization of water consumption and agricultural sustainable development.