The results showed that water treatment negatively affected the concentration of turbidity, hydrogen ion concentration, total hardness and magnesium hardness, while concentrations were not changed or were close due to the processes of water treatment for both electrical conductivity and total dissolved salts and calcium hardness in comparison of the Nile samples and expulsion for these parameters. The result of water treatment has been fruitful in reducing concentrations or clearing concentrations of ammonia, nitrite and nitrates. The results confirmed that water treatments did not affect the various cations such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron and manganese. Aluminum cation may have increased as a result of the use of aluminum sulphate in water treatment. Phytoplankton count in row and treated water from Embaba Drinking Water Treatment Plant was recorded in both Nile water and treated ones where the highest count was 2396000 and the lowest was 1818999 Unit/L in the case of row water while the highest results were195334 Unit/L and the lowest results were 30000 Unit/L in the case of treated water, respectively. Phytoplankton composition was belonged to Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae groups. The dominant diatoms were Cyclotella spp. and Melosira spp < em>.,while blue-greens were dominated by Gomphosphaeria aponina andMerismopedia tenuissima. Green algae were dominated by Ankistrodesmus falcatus and Coelastrum microporum.