This paper is devoted to highlight the theme of the Modern Movement and to demonstrate the architectural situation in the sixties, through the views of its founders and opposers. This paper explores the theme of Modern Movement as a beginning that has a formative stage and an endeavor (established thought).  In so doing an attempt will be made to highlight the contribution of two founders, namely, the French architect Le Corbusier and the German architect Bruno Taut. Another attempt will be made to demonstrate the role of two schools of thought of Modern Movement, those are the Bauhaus and Di Stjil. This paper explore the attitude of Modern Movement towards history and demonstrate the role of CIAM (Congres Internationaux d`Architecture Modern), in forming its theme. It argues that the collapse of CIAM on the hands of young architects led to the chaos of the architectural situation in the sixties of the twentieth century and paved the ground for the advancement of alternative trends, like Post-Modern and Deconstruction. One more attempt will be made to demonstrate the views of opposers of Modern Movement through trends like: New Brutalism and Archigram; groups like Procrustes Club and CASE (Conference of Architects for the Study of the Environment); and personal approaches. This paper will display the role of architectural critics and historians in their attempts to dress the practice of personal approaches a theoretical mold that contain theory and practice. This paper will focus upon the personal interest and ambitions of opposers of Modern Movement and concluded that this reason was behind the chaos that took place in the sixties of the past century and continued until now. Citation: Badi Al-Abed, “Modern Movement and the Architectural Situation in the Sixties of the Twentieth Century".- Historical Kan Periodical.- Issue (24); June 2014. Pp. 164 – 176.