Background: Plasma calprotectin is a persistent biomarker of insulin resistance (IR), gastroenteritis, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Elevated plasma levels of calprotectin have been reported in a variety of chronic inflammatory conditions. Elevated calprotectin levels have been reported to predict microvascular alterations in type 2 diabetic patients.
Aim of the Work: To evaluate if there is a relationship between serum calprotectin and peripheral neuropathy in type 2 Diabetic patients.
Patients and methods: This study is a case–control study that was conducted on 60 subjects their age range 45- 60 years old, divided into 3 groups underwent full clinical , neurological assessment and laboratory tests including (s.calprotectin ,hs CRP, HbA1C,cholesterol and TGs )
Results: statistically significant higher in diabetic with peripheral neuropathy than diabetic without neuropathy and controls regarding HS CRP,S calprotectin,HbA1c, FbG,2hrpp. ROC curve shows best cut off point for S. calprotectin level between diabetic without neuropathy and diabetic with neuropathy was >3.01 with sensitivity of 55.0%, specificity of 90.0% and AUC of 72.6%. Significant positive correlation between s.calprotectin and (hs.crp , age, SBP,BMI , FbG, TGs)
Conclusion: High levels of calprotectin detected in type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy suggest that this molecule may have a role in pathogenesis of neuroinflammation among these patients. Serum calprotectin levels in the future may be used as potential markers of its presence, severity and progression of the diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Therapeutic strategies for blocking S100A9 and its activity are recently under development in inflammatory diseases.