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106102

Understanding COVID-19, Genome, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Vaccination

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Last updated: 04 Jan 2025

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Abstract

In December 2019, an acute respiratory disease called COVID-19 from the coronavirus family has spread in Wuhan city in China. Due to the fast transmission of this disease and the number of cases increase, it received the whole world's attention. And on 30 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially announced that COVID-19 is epidemic. In March, WHO declared that it is pandemic due to the high number of cases confirmed globally. SARS-CoV-2, that has single-stranded (positive-sense) RNA with structural proteins (S, E, M, N), has common manifestations like dry cough, fever, and fatigue as the common cold. These symptoms range from moderate to severe that cause death, even there are also asymptomatic patients. The SARS-CoV-2 virus can be transmitted through person-to-person transmission. Though there are two different ways for its entry to the host cell, which are endosomal or plasma membrane fusion, both require ACE2 receptor attachment. There are different diagnostic techniques for SARS-CoV-2 ranging from RT-PCR and Immuno-tests to advanced methods such as CT and crisper technology. No therapies to COVID-19 have been developed so far, but researchers are currently working on developing therapies specific to this novel coronavirus. Furthermore, many of the repurposed drugs that have the potential to either attenuate the symptoms or prevent the viral entry/replication are still in preclinical and clinical trial phases. Besides the vaccination that has been developed whether they are live attenuated, subunit, or nucleic acid vaccines.

DOI

10.21608/jbaar.2020.106102

Keywords

COVID-19, Diagnosis, Epidemiology, structure, Treatment, vaccine

Authors

First Name

Eslam

Last Name

Mostafa

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Affiliation

Biotechnology/Bimolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Giza, 12613, Egypt

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First Name

Aisha

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El-Sawah

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-

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Biotechnology/Bimolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Giza, 12613, Egypt

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First Name

Esraa

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Magdy

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Biotechnology/Bimolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Giza, 12613, Egypt

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First Name

Ahmed

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Sayed

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Biotechnology/Bimolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Giza, 12613, Egypt

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First Name

Safaa

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El-Azab

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Biotechnology/Bimolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Giza, 12613, Egypt

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First Name

Ayman

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Natei

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Biotechnology/Bimolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Giza, 12613, Egypt

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Asmaa

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Husein

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Biotechnology/Bimolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Giza, 12613, Egypt

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Salma

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Hassan

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Biotechnology/Bimolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Giza, 12613, Egypt

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First Name

Menna

Last Name

Mostafa

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-

Affiliation

Molecular Biotechnology Program, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt Ain Helwan, 11795, Cairo, Egypt

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First Name

Mohamed

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Omran

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M.

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Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt Ain Helwan, 11795, Cairo, Egypt

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Volume

6

Article Issue

3

Related Issue

16050

Issue Date

2020-09-01

Receive Date

2020-06-12

Publish Date

2020-09-01

Page Start

98

Page End

120

Print ISSN

2356-9174

Online ISSN

2356-9182

Article File

JBAAR_Volume 6_Issue 3_Pages 98-120.pdf

PDF . 996.1kB

Link

https://jbaar.journals.ekb.eg/article_106102.html

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https://jbaar.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=106102

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Original Article

Type Code

1,272

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Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research

Publication Link

https://jbaar.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Understanding COVID-19, Genome, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Vaccination

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Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023