Patient safety and medical errors are one of the major challenges that health systems in all countries are grappling with to minimize and reduce the damage caused by them. An organizational culture of safety affects employees' attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, and values related to safe practice as well as their behaviors and level of engagement. The objective of the current study was to determine the barriers for nurses' reporting of medical errors. This was an exploratory descriptive qualitative study, conducted from March 2020 to July 2020 in the all departments and intensive care units (ICUs) in Beni-Suef University Hospital. In-depth interviews were held with twelve nurses. When barriers to error reporting were examined, the three areas identified from the data were: (The nurses' perceptions of error, Fear and, Barriers related to the system). This work may provide a road map for just culture implementation. Future qualitative and quantitative research should explore effects of just culture on safety reporting patterns and specific events such reducing medication errors or risk-taking behaviors.