As the trend now is increasing towards using sports exercises and physiotherapy instead of medical and surgical interference, this study aims for comparing the effect of 8 weeks specific short-term training program in water and land on the angle of kyphosis and some pulmonary indices in kyphotic young female gymnasts that takes place as a result of their specific performance. Thirty female gymnasts with increased normal thoracic kyphosis (kyphosis ≥40 degrees, Age: 13.2 +/- 3.79 years, weight: 34.84 ± 6.44kg, height: 142.9 ± 11.26) were selected and randomly divided in two groups (n=15): group (1) (corrective exercise in water) and group (2) (corrective exercise in land). The angle of kyphosis was measured by using a flexible ruler as a non-invasive and reliable method. Pulmonary indices such as: force vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) measured by digital spirometer. The repeated measurement test was used to compare the differences between the pre and post-tests in both groups. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software version 18 and the significance level was set on 0.05. In land group and in water group the degree of kyphosis, FVC, FEV1 and MVV improved significantly (p≤0.05). Finally, between two groups were not observed any significant difference in degree of kyphosis and pulmonary indices (FVC, FEV1, MVV) (p≥0/05). According to the results; we can suggest using in water and in land physical exercises for correction of the curvature angle of kyphosis in female young gymnasts and applying further studies on different samples and using different types of exercise protocols to avoid surgical interference and increase self-esteem for those young members of society.