ABSTRACT
Salt ingestion has been linked to kidney disease via hemodynamic
(increased introglomerular pressure) and non-hemodynamic mechanisms
(increased oxidative stress), independent of blood pressure. The aim of
the present study was to compare the effect of rock salt (Halite) to refined
salt in different concentrations on chronic renal failure rats. Thirty adult
male Sprague-Dawley rats which weighing (170+5g) were divided
randomly into two main groups as follow: the first group (-ve control= 5
rats) was fed on basal diet. The second group (25 rats) were fed on 14 %
casein diet containing 0.7% adenine for 4 weeks to induce chronic kidney
disease (CKD), then divided into 5 subgroups from group 2 to group 6.
Subgroup 2 (+ve control) fed on basal diet. Subgroup 3 and 4 fed on
basal diet supplemented with 4% and 8% of refined salt, respectively.
Subgroup 5 and 6 fed on basal diet supplemented with 4% and 8% of
rock salt, respectively. At the end of the experimental period (4 weeks),
rats were scarified and serum was collected to determine kidney
functions. The results showed that serum concentrations of creatinine,
urea, uric acid, sodium and potassium were significantly elevated
(P<0.05) by adenine administration (positive control) compared to
negative control, in contrast, serum total protein, albumin and globulin
were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Also, it was indicated that rock salt
administration recorded the best changes for these parameters in CKD
rats compared to refined salt. It be concluded that restriction of sodium
intake is an important preventive and therapeutic measure in patients
with chronic renal diseases or at risk of renal damage such as
hypertensive. So, it be recommended to use rock salt instead of refined
salt and further studies are required to elucidate beneficial effect and the
mechanism of how rock salt attenuates blood pressure.