Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is among the most well studied organ-specific autoimmune diseases, it is associated with a lot of life long complications and comorbidities. A number of studies revealed that adolescents with antibody positivity which later progressed to T1DM had reduced diversity of intestinal bacteria. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producing bacteria such as Lactobacillus and bifidobacteria have a documented beneficial effect in autoimmune suppression. Purpose: The main objective of the study is to assess the alterations of gut microbiota among young patients with newly diagnosed T1DM, and to identify if modulation of gut microbiota could partly explain the aetiology of the disease and if this intervention could help in diabetic patients' management. Subjects and Methods: This is a pilot study which involved 30 newly diagnosed patients with T1DM. The study was done during the period of April 2022 till September 2022. Patients were recruited from outpatient diabetes clinic, Ain shams University pediatric Hospitals, and they were selected by simple random method. Subjects were divided into 2 groups; Control group [A] and intervention group [B].  Patients in group [B] received probiotic enriched yogurt intake (200 g, 10 × 109 colony forming unit (CFU) of both Bifidobacteria spp. and Lactobacillus spp.) daily for 12 weeks duration. All patients were subjected for full history, clinical examination, and laboratory measurements; HbA1C, fasting C peptide, and fecal microbiota assessment by PCR analysis for Log count of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria at the onset of the study and after 12 weeks. Results: Comparing the two samples' log counts of the examined bacteria revealed that sample [B] had a substantially greater log count of Lactobacillus than sample [A] (p=0.034). The log count of Bifidobacteria did not vary significantly between the two groups, though. Both groups had significant improvement in glycemic control, lipid profile and BMI Z score. However, No significant variation was detected between the two groups as regard data concerned with glycemic control and/or pancreatic function. Conclusion: Probiotics use alone or in combination with other multi-strains of probiotics, are potentially the useful in improving the intestinal bacterial diversity of useful SCFAs producing bacteria in T1DM patients, further studies with larger number of patients, studying multi-strains probiotic effect and with longer follow up period is highly recommended to emphasize our current study results.