In schistosomiasis haematobium areas endemic, bladder cancer is the first cause of malignancy in men and fourth in women. The chronic schistosomiasis would lead to variant histologic patterns which manifest in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or squamous differentiation (SqD). This study evaluated the clinical outcome after radical cystectomy (RC) in patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC) mixed with SCC or SqD, Comparison was done with two arms of pure UC and pure SCC, indication for RC was muscle-invasive-disease, and evaluation included recurrence, metastases, and overall survival. The data of patients treated with RC for muscleinvasive-disease, selection was revised for 127 patients with urothelial carcinoma mixed with SCC/SqD, two comparative arms were 100 patients with pure UC, and 100 patients had pure
SCC. Follow up was on 8 months, 3years, and 5 years to detect recurrence, metastasis, and overall survival in the three groups
The results showed that by comparison of disease aggressiveness in the three groups regarding
recurrence, metastasis, and overall survival was analysed. Overall survival with mixed tumours
was significantly lower than pure UC or SCC, recurrence and metastases were higher in mixed
tumour which was an independent factor for poor prognosis and low survival.